Abstract Background Vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) is a vital protein complex involved in abiotic stress response in plants.The G subunit of Juglans regia (JrVHAG1) was previously identified as a drought tolerance-related gene involved in the ABA (abscisic acid)-signal pathway.Heavy metal stress is becoming a major detriment for plant growth, develo
Abstract Background Many cell permeabilisation methods to mediate internalisation of various molecules to mammalian or bacterial cells have been developed.However, no size-specific permeability assay suitable for both cell types exists.Results We report the use of intrinsically biotinylated cell components as the target for reporter molecules for a
According to the properties of the pine tree trunk and its wide range of applications, finding its defects can play a vital role in reducing costs.Since the ultrasonic test is a non-destructive method, this method is an appropriate alternative to find defects in the pine tree trunks.Optimizing the ultrasonic non-destructive test jilungin dreaming t